Take Your Teaching Skills on Vacation with These Have-To Professional Development Books

You’re a teacher that wants to stay current on the most recent developments in education. We’ve collected the top books for teachers to keep you up-to-date on everything from teaching techniques to the latest research in the field of educational psychology.

A lot of these books are serious however there are also some that are fun and enjoyable to read. These books are ideal for teachers who are looking for something to bring a smile on their faces and make them laugh.

What I Learned in 5th Grade

It’s essential to keep up-to-date as a teacher regarding the latest developments in the field of education. You’re likely to always be looking for new strategies and tools to assist students in their learning.

Fifth grade is a vital component. It is essential for children to acquire vocabulary and comprehension skills. Students are required to read and talk about various books.

The Teacher’s Guide to First Impressions

When it is time to teach and learn first impressions are crucial. While you cannot control the way your students perceive you but there are some ways you can make sure to stand out from the others.

The front office is where the action begins for visitors, students and teachers. A properly designed, functional and secure front office space is an essential part of every school. A good design philosophy can aid in creating a secure, welcoming environment that encourages collaboration, curiosity and creativity.

100 Great Books for Kids

Teachers looking to stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings in education, there are many options available. These include books and other media that help students develop reading skills and teach concepts of language.

Sharing books with your children frequently is the best way to help them develop a love for reading. Signing your kids up for an online book subscription is a simple and affordable method to ensure that they receive their favorite books on the regular basis.

The Teacher’s Book of Humor

Teachers who love laughter will definitely love this book. It contains jokes for elementary, junior high college, as well as university. It’s sure to make any teacher smile.

Researchers have discovered that humor can have an impact on learning, reducing stress and fostering positive relationships with students. Teachers who employ humor frequently report that their students enjoy it and are more interested in their classes.

Research suggests that humor can be an effective tool in teaching languages. It’s not easy to define the concept of humor as a teaching method and there is no consensus on what teachers should apply it to in the classroom.

The Teacher’s Book of Reasonableness

This book is a great resource for a teacher looking to keep up on the latest developments and research in education. This book is also useful for teachers struggling to motivate their students.

Reasonableness is a crucial idea in education. This book will assist teachers engage students in critical thinking through inquiry dialogue. This type of dialogue allows students to develop their skills in argumentation and gain a deeper understanding of the texts they read.

The Teacher’s Book of Poetry

With The Teacher’s Book of Poetry, Sylvia Vardell and Janet Wong have created a collection of poems for middle school teachers to use in their classrooms. They have also included carefully selected strategies and tips to bring the poems to life and describe curriculum connections.

This is an excellent resource for teachers who want to inspire their students about learning through poetry. Not only are the poems engaging, but the teaching tips included help to teach them in fresh ways.

The Teacher’s Book of Little Things

It doesn’t matter if an experienced teacher or are just starting out in teaching it’s crucial to remain up to date with the most recent developments in education. There are numerous books that can help you do this.

The best books are full of knowledge, tips, and advice. Some of these books include a touch of humor to make them even more relatable for teachers.

This is one of those books that must be read by every teacher, and especially those who teach children in the early grades. It will assist you in understanding the brain of children and how they react to various subjects. It’s the perfect way to show your students that you care about them and their education. 

Related Post

How To Take Care Of Your Wicker Furniture

As a proud owner of wicker furniture, I know how important it is to take care of these beautiful pieces. Wicker adds an inviting and stylish touch to any space, whether it’s indoors or outdoors. However, without proper maintenance and care, wicker can easily become damaged and lose its charm.

In this article, I will share with you my personal tips and tricks on how to take care of your wicker furniture. From understanding the different types of wicker to regular cleaning and maintenance, repairing damages, storing your furniture properly, and additional helpful tips – we’ll cover it all! By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your wicker furniture stays in excellent condition for years to come.

Understand the Different Types of Wicker

You’ll want to familiarize yourself with the different types of wicker, so you can properly care for and maintain your furniture. Wicker furniture is made from either natural or synthetic materials. Natural wicker is made from plant fibers such as bamboo, rattan, or willow while synthetic wicker is made from plastic or resin.

The difference between natural and synthetic wicker lies in their durability and maintenance. Natural wicker requires more care because it can easily fade, crack, and dry out when exposed to sunlight or moisture. On the other hand, synthetic wicker is more durable and resistant to wear and tear. It doesn’t require much maintenance aside from regular cleaning.

Despite the differences between these two types of wickers, each has its pros and cons that should be considered before making a purchase. Natural wicker may not last as long as synthetic one but it gives off an organic vibe that’s perfect for outdoor spaces like gardens or patios. Synthetic wicker, on the other hand, offers better resistance against weathering which makes it ideal for indoor use where there’s less exposure to harsh elements.

Regular Cleaning and Maintenance

As an owner of wicker furniture, I know how important it is to keep them clean and well-maintained. Regular cleaning and maintenance can help prolong the life of your wicker pieces. To achieve this, you should start by removing dust and debris with a soft brush or vacuum cleaner, then clean with mild soap and water. Additionally, protecting your wicker from sunlight and humidity is crucial to prevent fading and warping over time.

Removing Dust and Debris

To effectively remove dust and debris from your wicker furniture, simply grab a soft-bristled brush and gently sweep it across the surface – can you picture the dirt getting whisked away? It’s important to use soft brushes as harsh bristles may damage or scratch the wicker material. For those hard-to-reach places, use a smaller brush or even an old toothbrush to get into all the nooks and crannies.

Here are three reasons why removing dust and debris regularly is essential for maintaining your wicker furniture: 1) It prevents buildup of dirt which can lead to discoloration over time; 2) Regular cleaning preserves the natural texture and color of the wicker; 3) Removing debris helps to prevent any potential mold growth in humid environments. So make sure you give your wicker furniture some TLC by regularly removing any accumulated dust or debris!

Cleaning with Mild Soap and Water

When it’s time to clean my wicker furniture, I always turn to mild soap and water. It’s the easiest and most effective way to remove stains and dirt without damaging the material. But before you start cleaning, make sure you choose the right detergent. Look for a mild soap that doesn’t contain harsh chemicals or bleach. You can even create your own solution by mixing a few drops of dish soap with warm water.

Once you have your cleaning solution ready, dip a soft cloth in the mixture and gently scrub away any dirt or stains on your wicker furniture. Be careful not to use too much water, as excess moisture can damage the material. When you’re finished cleaning, rinse off any soap residue with a damp cloth and let your furniture air dry completely before using it again. To speed up drying time, you can place a fan near your furniture or set it outside in direct sunlight (if weather permits). By following these simple steps, your wicker furniture will stay clean and beautiful for years to come!

Protecting from Sunlight and Humidity

Protect your wicker furniture from the harsh effects of sunlight and humidity by finding a shaded spot to place it. The sun’s UV rays can cause fading, cracking, and warping in wicker furniture. To prevent sun damage, avoid placing your furniture in direct sunlight for extended periods of time. If you must place it in a sunny area, consider using a protective cover or umbrella.

Humidity can also have a negative impact on your wicker furniture. High levels of moisture in the air can cause mold and mildew growth and weaken the structure of the wicker weave. To control humidity levels, use a dehumidifier or air conditioning unit in humid areas or during rainy seasons. Additionally, keep your furniture away from damp areas such as basements and bathrooms. By following these simple tips for sun damage prevention and humidity control, you can extend the life of your beautiful wicker furniture for years to come.

Repairing Damages

If you notice any damages to your wicker furniture, you’ll want to fix them as soon as possible to prevent further deterioration. The good news is that many minor damages can be repaired with a bit of DIY effort. For instance, if you spot a loose strand or two, use some wood glue to reattach it to the frame. Alternatively, you can use a needle and thread to weave the loose strand back into place.

For more serious damages like broken or missing pieces, professional restoration may be necessary. It’s important not to attempt DIY repairs in these cases because it could lead to further damage and devalue your furniture. Instead, seek out reputable restoration professionals who specialize in wicker repair. They will have the skills and tools needed for proper repairs and ensure that your furniture retains its value and beauty.

Remember that prevention is always better than cure when it comes to wicker furniture care. Regular cleaning and maintenance can help keep your furniture looking great for years on end. However, if damages do occur, don’t hesitate to take action promptly and seek professional assistance where necessary. By following these tips, you can enjoy your beautiful wicker furniture for many years to come!

Storing Your Wicker Furniture

When it’s time to put away my wicker furniture for the season, I always make sure to prepare for long-term storage. This means cleaning and repairing any damages before packing everything away. I also take care in choosing the right storage space and covering and protecting my wicker furniture so it remains in good condition until the next season.

Preparing for Long-Term Storage

To get your wicker furniture ready for long-term storage, it’s important to take the necessary steps to ensure it remains in good condition. First, clean your furniture thoroughly using a soft brush or vacuum cleaner to remove any dirt or debris. Be sure to pay special attention to crevices and hard-to-reach areas where dust might accumulate.

Next, wrap your furniture in a protective cloth or plastic wrap before storing it away. This helps prevent moisture from seeping in and damaging the material. If you plan on storing your wicker furniture for an extended period of time, consider using moisture control products such as desiccant packets or humidity absorbers. You may also want to store cushions separately in order to prevent them from becoming flattened over time.

Lastly, choose a dry and cool place to store your wicker furniture. Climate controlled storage units are ideal as they provide a stable environment that’s not too hot or too cold. If you don’t have access to professional storage services, consider DIY storage solutions such as vacuum sealing bags or building a custom-made storage container that can fit your specific needs. Remember that proper pre-storage cleaning and maintenance is crucial for keeping pests at bay so be sure to inspect your furniture regularly for signs of infestation.

Choosing the Right Storage Space

Selecting the perfect storage area is crucial in keeping your wicker pieces safe for long periods of time. When choosing a storage space, climate control should be at the top of your list. Wicker furniture is susceptible to temperature and humidity changes which can cause warping, cracking, or even mold growth. For this reason, it’s important to find a storage space that has a consistent temperature and humidity level.

Pest prevention is another factor to consider when selecting a storage space for your wicker furniture. Pests such as rodents and insects can cause significant damage to your furniture within just a few months. To prevent this from happening, choose a well-maintained storage unit that has pest control measures in place such as regular inspections and treatments. Additionally, optimize the space by organizing your wicker pieces properly so they are not stacked on top of each other or touching any walls which could attract pests or create moisture buildup.

Covering and Protecting Your Wicker Furniture

Keep your wicker pieces in pristine condition by properly covering and shielding them from harsh elements that can cause damage or wear over time. Whether you have indoor or outdoor wicker furniture, it is important to protect them from environmental factors such as rain, sun exposure, dust, and other natural elements. Outdoor wicker furniture is more susceptible to damage because of its constant exposure to the weather. Therefore, it’s essential to invest in covers that are specifically designed for outdoor use.

When choosing a cover for your wicker furniture, make sure that it fits snugly on the piece. Loose-fitting covers can allow dirt and moisture to penetrate through the crevices and cause damage. You can either purchase pre-made covers or make DIY ones using waterproof materials such as canvas or vinyl. For those who prefer DIY projects, creating a cover for your wicker furniture is easy with the help of online tutorials that provide step-by-step instructions on how to create a custom-fit cover for any size or shape of wicker piece. By investing in proper protection measures like covers, you can extend the lifespan of your wicker furniture while keeping them looking brand new for years to come.

Additional Tips and Tricks

Don’t miss out on these awesome hacks for keeping your wicker furniture looking brand new! In addition to covering and protecting your wicker furniture, there are a few more tips and tricks you can use to ensure it stays in great condition.

Firstly, if you notice any signs of wear or tear on your wicker furniture, consider doing some DIY repairs. You can easily fix loose strands or broken pieces with hot glue or epoxy. To prevent further damage, be sure to handle the furniture gently when moving it around.

Another way to keep your wicker furniture looking fresh is by using it as seasonal decoration. Add some festive pillows and throws during winter months, or incorporate bright floral arrangements in the springtime. Not only will this add some personality to your space, but it will also help protect your furniture from daily wear and tear.

By following these additional tips and tricks for taking care of your wicker furniture, you can extend its lifespan and keep it looking beautiful year-round. Whether you’re making DIY repairs or adding seasonal decorations, just remember to handle the furniture with care and enjoy the cozy comfort it brings to any room in your home.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can wicker furniture be used outdoors?

Oh sure, use your precious wicker furniture outside. Just don’t be surprised when it falls apart after the first rainstorm. Wicker isn’t known for its outdoor durability or weather resistance. Stick to indoor use and save yourself the headache.

How often should wicker furniture be cleaned?

I clean my wicker furniture once a month using a soft-bristled brush and mild soap mixed with water. I make sure to remove any dirt or debris from the crevices and dry it thoroughly afterwards to prevent mold growth.

Can wicker furniture be painted or stained?

Absolutely! It’s a great way to give your wicker furniture new life and add some personality. Pros and cons: Painting offers more color options but can chip, while staining maintains the natural look. Tips for choosing the right paint or stain: Look for ones specifically formulated for wicker, and consider the climate conditions where it will be placed.

How can I prevent wicker furniture from fading?

To prevent fading and cracking of wicker furniture, I recommend keeping it out of direct sunlight and humidity. Regularly dusting and cleaning with a mild soap solution can maintain its natural shine and color.

What is the average lifespan of wicker furniture?

“Curious about the lifespan of wicker furniture? With proper maintenance, you can prolong its life. Regular cleaning and avoiding exposure to moisture and sunlight are key to preserving your beautiful pieces.” ‘Additionally, storing wicker furniture in a dry and cool place during the off-season can also help prevent damage and extend its lifespan.’

Not Known Facts About Groove Funnels

 

And also allow’s not neglect that scaling your brand name requires investing cash upfront prior to you see any type of ROI – groovefunnels. So if you desire to see your business grow, think about the Groove, Funnels life time strategy as a significant long-lasting financial investment groove funnels review. And also word has it that the price of the lifetime bargain can quickly leap.

So Which Strategy Is Much better? Well, that relies on what you desire to use the platform for – groove funnels. If you merely intend to experiment with the software program and also check out whether Groove, Funnels is what you’re trying to find, begin with the free strategy. This is a good selection for those that already have memberships for various other advertising tools.

If you’re simply getting going with an online business as well as have a limited budget, the free account needs to suffice at first. groove funnels review. However I would advise an upgrade as quickly as you have enough cost savings. groovefunnels review. This will certainly enable you to access even more features that can aid your service grow.

Well-established opponents like Click, Funnels and Kartra have a considerable amount of satisfied clients – groovefunnels review. So why would they wish to switch to a new tool that is still in Beta? Right here are a number of elements of Groove, Funnels that had me at hi. Easy To Use Opening an account is fast as well as uncomplicated.

Groovefunnels Things To Know Before You Buy

Heck, I ‘d leap at a deal like this with this type of cost savings, I can see myself conserving 100 grand in 5-6 years! Imagine what this amount can do for my organization and also myself! Provides Lots Of Templates Groove, Funnels uses a variety of readymade layouts for you to make use of groovefunnels. groovefunnels reviews

Fortunately is that when you register for Groove, Funnels’s cost-free account, you are already an affiliate groovefunnels review. The Groove, Funnels associate program allows you to earn some additional money on the side. Every time you refer somebody to Groove, Funnels using your affiliate web link, and also they finish up converting, you have actually completed a Tier 1 conversion – groovefunnels.

Groove, Funnels pays 20% payment on tier one as well as 5% on tier two to its free participants. But when you update to the life time offer, you have the chance to increase your associate payments groovefunnels review. So rather than 20% commission on all Groove, Funnels accounts you offer, now you can gain 40% compensations on Tier 1 and 10% on Rate 2 compensations.

Big Online Area It’s constantly wonderful to be part of an energetic community. And also in the electronic room, the bigger, the far better. There more than 140,800 Groove participants on Facebook alone. As well as the number continues to expand. You can ask this abundant base of users any kind of concerns you might have or get more concepts on just how to get the most out of the existing tools.

The Only Guide for Groovefunnels Review

Points I Don’t Like Concerning Grove, Funnels My mom used to claim flattery will certainly get you no place. I have actually provided a great deal of good ideas concerning Groove, Funnels, so you may be questioning that it just could all be too good to be real. I’ll be sincere (yet again!) groove funnels review. There are a number of disadvantages you should recognize prior to buying Groove, Funnels.

However, it does not constantly function properly groovefunnels. Yet to be fair, it’s boosted significantly over time as well as will no uncertainty be refined soon enough. Groove, Funnels is Job Under Building Groove, Funnels is not yet 100% total. Some apps have bugs, while others aren’t even prepared – groove funnels. But the software application programmer group at Groove, Funnels wants to have whatever prepared by following year.

Not Nearly Enough Membership Options Currently, there are just 2 Groove, Funnels rates plans. The free plan deals accessibility to some standard functions of the Groove platform. While it might not set you back a penny, this plan can limit the development of your company. So the only various other alternative is the paid platinum life time offer. groove funnels. https://blackswanmediausa.wixsite.com/blackswanmedia/post/groovefunnels-review

Learning Contour May Be a Bit Steep There are an amazing variety of functions available on this platform. As well as this can be frustrating for beginners. groove funnels. Yet having said that, any individual that hangs around on Groove, Funnels can master points in a snap in all. And also, there are numerous video clips and tutorials to assist you get settled.

Groovefunnels – The Facts

And the same puts on subscription repayments and installations – groove funnels review. Just the initial quantity of your registration settlement is refundable, which as well only if you request for a refund within the 30-day reimbursement duration. Yet if you ever before determine to cancel your registration, merely send an e-mail.

What Are Psychological Influences in Marketing?

What Are Psychological Influences in Marketing?

What are psychological influences in marketing

People are influenced by many factors, including their beliefs and attitudes. These influences can have a profound effect on the way people buy. Marketing psychology studies the actions people take in response to certain marketing messages. The field of neuroplasticity also investigates the mind’s ongoing evolution. Here are five of the most influential psychological influences in marketing:

Why are attitudes important in consumer decisions?

Consumer attitudes are the guiding forces behind purchasing decisions. They represent the combination of a consumer’s beliefs, feelings, and behavioral intentions, and are often found within the context of marketing or retail stores. Although attitudes are often unintended, 🙂 they can shape the choices we make every day. Here are some examples of how attitudes affect purchasing decisions. To understand how these attitudes may affect your business, it helps to understand why marketing efforts have failed.

The behavioral component of attitude includes the feelings, intentions, and reaction that consumers have toward a product or service. Emotions are a reflection of the consumer’s knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors. Consumer researchers typically treat emotions as evaluative. Whether the behavior is positive, negative, or mixed, the consumer’s overall attitude plays a role in the decision to buy a product. Read these tips on headline structure to engage customers on online store. In addition, attitudes are often the foundations of brand and product choice.

While it is difficult to predict which consumer will buy a product, marketers can use consumer attitudes to their advantage. When consumers have unfavorable attitudes toward a product, businesses can use this information to target them with other products. By focusing on this information, businesses can develop effective advertising campaigns and communicate with market segments more effectively. The goal of marketing is to influence behavior, not just feelings. By using attitudes to understand consumer behavior, we can develop a more effective message and design an advertising campaign that will attract those attitudes.

The Fishbein model, which combines the three components of attitude, includes the three components of salient beliefs, object-attribute linkages, and evaluation, which reflects the importance of each of these components. The Fishbein model attempts to quantify overall attitudes into a score, and can be enhanced by using past and predicted consumer behavior. However, many marketers are unaware of the influence that their brand has on consumers’ behavior.

What are the psychological factors that influence consumer behaviour?

Beliefs and psychological influences in marketing can be described as factors that affect the behavior of consumers. Research on consumers’ beliefs has shown that they are shaped by their knowledge of the market and how these beliefs influence information 🙂 processing and final choice behavior. The role of beliefs in marketing has yet to be fully understood and future research is needed to clarify their precise functions. Beliefs can affect marketing decisions at several different stages of the decision-making process. Experts may use beliefs in the decision-making process, but they are still subject to the influence of their knowledge structures.

The first component of consumer behavior is the belief that an object is good or bad. People may have positive or negative beliefs about the object in question, or they may hold a neutral belief, such as “coffee is black.” These beliefs may vary in valence, based on the context and the individual’s own preferences. Moreover, beliefs may vary with age, gender, education, and other variables.

The argument for the integration of the research streams is mainly semantic, rather than substantive. By identifying common elements of research, the reader will gain a better understanding of these phenomena. Such integration can also help to simplify overlapping terminology and conceptualizations, which may result in more systematic research. It also provides an agenda for future research on market beliefs. 🙂 There are six major issues identified as a result of the research.

Beliefs and psychological influences in marketing are important in marketing research. A study on the price-quality relationship found that consumers who believed that a higher price meant higher quality would sample more expensive products. The study’s findings indicate that the results of the hypothesis testing process are biased because the contents of prior surrogate-based market beliefs have a systematic influence on subsequent information search patterns. Therefore, the effects of advertising are likely to be misleading.

What defines perception of the brand in the minds of customers?

Customer perception is an integral component of brand loyalty, individual purchases, and long-term relationships. As such, every company touchpoint should aim to shape positive customer perception. To do so, brands must understand the elements that influence customer perception – both tangible and abstract – and how they can affect it. Here are three of the most important types of customer perception and how they can be influenced by your marketing efforts. Let’s explore each one in more detail.

Consumers synthesize information about a brand into their own image, and their image of a product or service is a result. Their perception is an approximation of reality, and businesses try to influence this. To achieve this, they advertise their convenience or product quality, which in turn leads to an increase in sales. However, a consumer’s perception of a brand is influenced by the way they see it in the media, and this influences the way they make purchasing decisions.

Moreover, consumers’ perceptions can make a difference in their buying behavior. 🙂 For example, if a product is perceived as a luxury brand, consumers are more likely to pay the corresponding price, whereas those who perceive themselves as a bargain hunter may choose cheaper alternatives. Thus, perception is important in marketing. In order to influence purchasing decisions, marketing professionals should understand the power of these psychological factors and make use of them.

What would be the most important element to get customer attention?

The most successful marketing campaigns involve the use of multiple motivational elements, including repetition, gaining the attention of the consumer, and persuading them to pay attention to their message. The fundamental concept of motivation is the fact that each person has a prevailing need, or “motivation,” which drives his or her behavior. Consumers are constantly influenced by multiple physiological and psychological motivations, which are related to the need for esteem, social recognition, and belonging. Therefore, it is important to understand how these influences affect marketing and decision-making.

The human mind works through the creation of goals, or objectives. These goals may be generic or product-specific. The motivational factors can be either internal or external. Humans have many needs, including food, shelter, and clothing. These are known as the “basic human needs,” and they are the driving forces behind consumer behavior. But beyond the basic human needs, people also have wants, such as status, security, or status.

As marketers, it is essential to understand how to tap into consumer purchasing motivations. First, they should consider the hierarchy of needs, which is outlined by psychologist Abraham Maslow. The first level contains our most basic physiological needs, including hunger, thirst, and other basic drives. These needs are universal and reoccur throughout the natural world. Physiological needs are often referred to as “basic human needs,” and marketing professionals should consider these factors when designing their strategies.

Consumers’ buying behaviors are influenced by the level of consumer motivation. 🙂 Higher levels of motivation indicate a deep need, which prompts active purchasing. Based on the Maslow hierarchy of needs, physical needs are the most pressing, followed by esteem, safety, and self-actualization. Ultimately, it is the consumer’s needs that influence the buying behaviors. So, how can marketers take advantage of these factors in order to reach their goals?

How does social class influence consumer behavior?

Although social class is not a new concept, marketers have long been aware of its influence on consumer behavior. It is important to understand the impact of social class on marketing because it can help marketers determine which consumers are most likely to buy a particular product or service. Social class is a classification of social status that denotes the group’s values and interests. In marketing, social class influences are often correlated with age, gender, and income.

Social classes are membership groups consisting of people with similar values, lifestyles, and behaviors. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to each social class’ buying habits and adapt marketing activities accordingly. The influence of social class on buying behavior is highly complex, but it is important to understand how this factor affects consumer behavior. Social perception is a key attribute for marketing. By understanding social perception, marketers can target consumers with messages that appeal to their interests.

The level of education has a strong influence on consumer behaviour. For example, illiterates do not buy newspapers and magazines, but people with a higher education have a much higher need for them. Additionally, income plays a significant role in 🙂 determining consumer behavior. In developed countries, consumer research is conducted to determine what the demand for products is. The difference between rich consumers and low-income consumers is profound. In low-income countries, the income of consumers influences purchasing patterns and preferences.

The rise of income and the establishment of a business often promote upward mobility. However, the rise of the middle class often entails a change in consumption styles and lifestyle. However, social class movements are not permanent. People can move up or down the social ladder through education and self-development. With such a dynamic, success-oriented culture, people with high incomes can rise through the social ranks and become reference groups for those of lower socioeconomic status.